![]() In 1995, her and Pierre’s remains were moved to the Panthéon, the French National Mausoleum, in Paris. She returned to Poland for the foundation laying ceremony for the Radium Institute, which opened in 1932 with her sister Bronislawa as its director.Ĭurie died in 1934 of radiation-induced leukemia, since the effects of radiation were not known when she began her studies. She traveled to the United States in 1921 to tour and raise funds for research on radium. In 1911, Marie won her second Nobel Prize, this time in chemistry, for isolating pure radium.ĭuring World War I, Curie served as the director of the Red Cross Radiology Service, treating over an estimated one million soldiers with her X-ray units. Marie carried on their research and was appointed to fill Pierre’s position at the Sorbonne, thus becoming the first woman in France to achieve professorial rank. In 1906, Pierre was killed in a traffic accident. ![]() Isolating pure samples of these elements was exhausting work for Marie it took four years of back-breaking effort to extract 1 decigram of radium chloride from several tons of raw ore. In 1898, they announced the discovery of two new elements, radium and polonium. ![]() For their joint research into radioactivity, Marie and Pierre Curie were awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics.Īs a team, the Curies would go on to even greater scientific discoveries. This discovery is perhaps her most important scientific contribution. Thus, she deduced that radioactivity does not depend on how atoms are arranged into molecules, but rather that it originates within the atoms themselves. Within days she discovered that thorium also emitted radiation, and further, that the amount of radiation depended upon the amount of element present in the compound. While she tried to return to work in Poland in 1894, she was denied a place at Krakow University because of her gender and returned to Paris to pursue her Ph.D.Īdopting the study of Henri Becquerel‘s discovery of radiation in uranium as her thesis topic, Curie began the systematic study of other elements to see if there were others that also emitted this strange energy. In Paris, she also met her husband Pierre Curie. The beginning of her scientific career was an investigation of the magnetic properties of various steels. University education for women was not available in Russia at the time, so Curie left to pursue her degrees at the University of Paris in 1891. Curie never worked on the Manhattan Project, but her contributions to the study of radium and radiation were instrumental to the future development of the atomic bomb.Ĭurie was born in Warsaw, Poland on November 7, 1867, which was then part of the Russian Empire. Curie was a pioneer in researching radioactivity, winning the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and Chemistry in 1911. Send us feedback about these examples.Marie Sklodowska Curie (1867-1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist. These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'polonium.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. 2019 This included traces of dangerous elements such as polonium, radium, and lead-210. Adam Hadhazy, Discover Magazine, 10 Oct. 2023 Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, in 1903, and one of a very select few people to earn a second Nobel, in 1911 (for her later discoveries of the elements radium and polonium). 2022 Marie Curie was a Polish scientist who discovered both polonium and radium, and coined the term radioactivity. 2023 In 1911 Curie won her second Nobel Prize, this time in chemistry, for her work with polonium and radium. NBC News, 14 June 2021 Partners in life and in science, the couple’s fruitful work together produced the discovery of the elements polonium and radium in 1898, as well as radioactivity itself. 2023 Alexander Litvinenko, poisoned by polonium. Brad Reisfeld, The Conversation, 21 Mar. ![]() 2022 Poisons in books, TV and film Novel writers and television and movie screenwriters have exploited numerous poisons in their works, including those that are chemical elements, such as arsenic and polonium, and those derived from animals, such as snake venom and blowfish poison. Michael Tomasky, The New Republic, 21 Mar. Recent Examples on the Web Russian operatives poisoned Alexander Litvinenko with radioactive polonium and turned him into a human dirty bomb and polonium was spread all around London at every spot that poor man visited. ![]()
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